Apakah "Pekerja" dalam Matius 9:37 Hanya Misionaris? Sebuah Reinterpretasi berdasarkan Teologi Vokasi Neo-Calvinis

Penulis

  • Sutrisno Sutrisno Sekolah Tinggi Alkitab Jember
  • Jeffry Johanis Rindengan Sekolah Tinggi Alkitab Jember

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47167/gh9qw556

Kata Kunci:

Christian calling, cultural mandate, Matthew 9:37, vocation, Neo-Calvinism

Abstrak

The term ergatai (workers) in Matthew 9:37–38 has commonly been interpreted as referring to pastors, evangelists, or missionaries engaged in formal church ministry. This study reexamines the meaning of the term through a Neo-Calvinist theological perspective to address its relevance for believers in their professional vocations as a response to God's mission. The research employs a qualitative library research method supported by exegetical, theological, and hermeneutical analysis. Primary data are drawn from Scripture, particularly Matthew 9:35–38, while secondary sources include biblical theology, missiology, and the works of Abraham Kuyper, Herman Bavinck, and Klaas Schilder. The findings demonstrate that ergatai should not be restricted to ecclesiastical workers but includes all believers restored in the image of God and called to participate in His mission through diverse spheres of life. Within the Neo-Calvinist framework, the Great Commission and the Cultural Mandate are complementary dimensions of Christian calling. Consequently, professional work can function as a means of witnessing to the Kingdom of God in society. This study concludes that Matthew 9:37–38 calls the church to equip believers for faithful service both within ecclesiastical ministry and in the public sphere.

 

Interpretasi terhadap istilah ergatai (pekerja) dalam Matius 9:37–38 umumnya dipahami sebagai rujukan kepada pendeta, penginjil, atau misionaris yang terlibat dalam pelayanan gerejawi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kembali makna istilah tersebut melalui perspektif teologi Neo-Calvinisme untuk menjawab pertanyaan mengenai relevansinya bagi orang percaya dalam pekerjaan profesionalnya sebagai respons terhadap panggilan misi Allah. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan yang didukung analisis eksegetis, teologis, dan hermeneutik. Sumber data primer berasal dari Alkitab, khususnya Matius 9:35–38, sedangkan sumber data sekunder diperoleh dari literatur teologi biblika, misiologi, dan pemikiran Abraham Kuyper, Herman Bavinck, serta Klaas Schilder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa istilah ergatai tidak terbatas pada pekerja gerejawi, melainkan mencakup seluruh orang percaya yang telah dipulihkan menurut gambar Allah dan dipanggil untuk berpartisipasi dalam misi-Nya melalui berbagai bidang kehidupan. Dalam kerangka Neo-Calvinisme, Amanat Agung dan Mandat Budaya dipahami sebagai dua aspek yang saling melengkapi dalam panggilan Kristen. Dengan demikian, pekerjaan profesional dapat menjadi sarana kesaksian Kerajaan Allah di tengah dunia. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa Matius 9:37–38 merupakan panggilan bagi gereja untuk mempersiapkan orang percaya agar melayani Kristus secara utuh, baik dalam pelayanan gerejawi maupun dalam ruang publik.

Unduhan

Data unduhan tidak tersedia.

Referensi

Bavinck, Herman. The Wonderful Works of God. Pennsylvania,: Westminster Seminary Press, 2020.

Bockmuehl, Markus. “Being Emmanuel: Matthew’s Ever-Present Jesus?” New Testament Studies 68, no. 1 (December 2021): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0028688521000254.

Brock, Cory C., and N. Gray Sutanto. Neo-Calvinism: A Theological Introduction. Bellingham: Lexham Academic, 2022.

Creswell, John W. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, 2014.

Evans, Craig A. Matthew. New Cambridge Bible Commentary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

Ha, Sam Neulsaem. “Because of Who We Are: A Fresh Perspective on Calvin’s Doctrine of the Image of God and Human Dignity.” Religions 15, no. 10 (September 2024): 1162. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15101162.

Hagner, Donald A. Matthew 1–13. Word Biblical Commentary 33A. Dallas, TX: Word Books, 1993.

Howes, Llewellyn. “The Agricultural Background of the Harvest Logion in Matthew 9.37–8 and Luke (Q) 10.2.” New Testament Studies 69, no. 1 (December 2022): 57–75. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0028688522000303.

Iwuamadi, Lawrence. “Being with Jesus and Being Sent Out.” International Review of Mission 111, no. 1 (May 2022): 110–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/irom.12413.

Jeon, Paul S. “The Cultural Mandate According to Paul’s Letter to Titus: Brief Exegetical-Theological Meditations.” The Expository Times 136, no. 5 (November 2024): 185–95. https://doi.org/10.1177/00145246241293727.

Jong, Marinus de. “Klaas Schilder.” In T&T Clarck Handbook Of Neo-Calvinism, edited by Nathaniel Gray Sutanto and Cory Brock. London: T&T Clark, 2026.

Keener, Craig S. A Commentary On The Gospel Of Matthew. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999.

———. For All Peoples: A Biblical Theology of Missions in the Gospels and Acts. Eugene: Wipf & Stock, 2020.

Kooi, Cornelis van der. “The Relevance of Neo-Calvinism for Church and Theology.” European Journal of Theology 30, no. 2 (September 2021). https://doi.org/10.5117/ejt2021.2.004.kooi.

Kristanto, David, Hengki B.Tompo, Frans H.M. Silalahi, Linda A. Ersada, Tony Salurante, Moses Wibowo, and Dyulius T. Bilo. “Hearing God’s Call One More Time : Retrieving Calling in Theology of Work Research Method.” HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 80, no. 1 (2024): 1–6.

Mitch, Curtis, and Edward Sri. The Gospel of Matthew. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2010.

Nissen, Johannes. “Testament in Mission: The Use of the New Methodological and Hermeneutical Reflections.” Mission Studies 21, no. 2 (January 2004): 167–99. https://doi.org/10.1163/1573383042653695.

Osborne, Grant R. Matthew: Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Edited by Clinton E. Arnold. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2010.

Riley, Jennifer. “A ‘Stick to Beat You with’? Advocating for a Critical Close Reading of ‘Vocation’ Among Evangelical Medics in England.” Journal of Religion and Health 61, no. 5 (May 2022): 4096–4118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-022-01564-y.

Sadikin, Vivian, and Yohanes Hasiholan Tampubolon. “Mandat Budaya dalam Wawasan Dunia Kristen: Suatu Kritik terhadap Dualisme.” Manna Rafflesia 10, no. 1 (October 2023): 118–34. https://doi.org/10.38091/man_raf.v10i1.343.

Schilder, Klaas. Christ and Culture. Edited by Williem Helder and Albert H. Oosterhoff. Hamilton: Lucerna, 2016, n.d.

Smith, Kevin Gary. Writing and Research: A Guide for Theological Student. Carlisle: Langham Global Lybrary, 2016.

Tulus, Jekson, Talizaro Tafonao, and Vicky BGD Paat. “Pilar Keberlanjutan: Peran Gereja dalam Mempersiapkan Generasi Muda untuk Pengembangan Gereja.” Sarita Bahalap 1, no. 1 (2024): 9–21.

Turner, David L. Matthew (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament). Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2008.

Vine, Cedric E W. “Restoring the Whole: Matthaean Discipleship in Recent Research.” Currents in Biblical Research 24, no. 1 (October 2025): 86–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/1476993x251370757.

Vuuren, Mark van. “Called To Do Meaningful Work: A Blessing or a Curse?” Christian Higher Education 16 (December 2016): 47–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/15363759.2017.1251245.

Wulandari, Wahyoe Rita. “Kunci Pertumbuhan Gereja di Indonesia yang Berbasis Data dari perspektif evangelikal dan tinjauan kritis atasnya.” Jurnal Sosial dan Teknologi (SOSTECH) 2, no. 3 (2022): 295–305.

Diterbitkan

2026-05-31

Terbitan

Bagian

Articles

Cara Mengutip

Apakah "Pekerja" dalam Matius 9:37 Hanya Misionaris? Sebuah Reinterpretasi berdasarkan Teologi Vokasi Neo-Calvinis. (2026). KHARISMATA: Jurnal Teologi Pantekosta, 9(1), 165-181. https://doi.org/10.47167/gh9qw556